Python 中以子进程（subprocess）的形式调用其他任何程序的一个库，使用十分方便。
基本用法
调用方法
# 最简单的调用方式
from sh import ifconfig
print(ifconfig("wlan0"))
# 几种等价的调用方式
import sh
print(sh.ls("/"))
from sh import ls
print(ls("/"))
import sh
run = sh.Command("/home/amoffat/run.sh") # Absolute path
run()
lscmd = sh.Command("ls") # Absolute path not needed
lscmd()
多参数命令
某些命令可能需要多个参数，这时需要将它们作为string分割：
from sh import tar
tar("cvf", "/tmp/test.tar", "/my/home/directory/")
Keyword参数
# resolves to "curl http://duckduckgo.com/ -o page.html --silent"
curl("http://duckduckgo.com/", o="page.html", silent=True)
# or if you prefer not to use keyword arguments, this does the same thing:
curl("http://duckduckgo.com/", "-o", "page.html", "--silent")
# resolves to "adduser amoffat --system --shell=/bin/bash --no-create-home"
adduser("amoffat", system=True, shell="/bin/bash", no_create_home=True)
# or
adduser("amoffat", "--system", "--shell", "/bin/bash", "--no-create-home")
后台运行
默认情况下，每条调用的命令依次执行，程序等待调用的命令执行完毕后再继续往下执行。可以通过 _bg=True来设置后台运行：
# blocks
sleep(3)
print("...3 seconds later")
# doesn't block
p = sleep(3, _bg=True)
print("prints immediately!")
p.wait()
print("...and 3 seconds later")
管道
sh同样支持bash的管道形式，只需要把每个命令作为参数传递给下一个调用的命令：
# print(the number of folders and files in /etc
print(wc(ls("/etc", "-1"), "-l"))
子命令
某些命令具有子命令集，如 git (push, pull), sudo 等，在 sh 中可以通过属性的方式调用：
from sh import git, sudo
# resolves to "git branch -v"
print(git.branch("-v"))
print(git("branch", "-v")) # the same command
# resolves to "sudo /bin/ls /root"
print(sudo.ls("/root"))
print(sudo("/bin/ls", "/root")) # the same command
Exit Codes
大部分进程执行完成后的 exit code 为0，可以通过 exit_code 查看：
output = ls("/")
print(output.exit_code) # should be 0
高级特性
with
with sudo:
print(ls("/root"))
iterate
通过指定 _iter=True
from sh import tail
# runs forever
for line in tail("-f", "/var/log/some_log_file.log", _iter=True):
print(line)
参考：
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